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(Chinese calendar) February - June, 528 (Gregorian calendar) |father=Emperor Xiaoming |mother=Consort Pan |birth_place=Luoyang, Northern Wei (present-day Luoyang, Henan, China) |birth_date= }} The unnamed daughter of Emperor Xiaoming of Northern Wei (12 February 528 – ?) was briefly the emperor of Northern Wei (386–534), a Xianbei dynasty that ruled Northern China from the late fourth to the early sixth century AD. She bore the surname Yuan (), originally Tuoba. Yuan was the only child of Emperor Xiaoming (r. 515–528), born to his concubine Consort Pan. Soon after her birth, her grandmother the Empress Dowager Hu, who was also Xiaoming's regent, falsely declared that she was a boy and ordered a general pardon. Emperor Xiaoming died soon afterwards. On 1 April 528, Empress Dowager Hu installed the infant on the throne for a matter of hours before replacing her with Yuan Zhao the next day. Xiaoming's daughter was not recognised as an emperor (''huangdi'') by later generations. No further information about her is available. ==Birth== Empress Dowager Hu (d. 528), known posthumously as Empress Dowager Ling, was originally one of Emperor Xuanwu's (483–515, r. 499–515) consorts; she gave birth to his only living heir Yuan Xu (510–528). Following Xuanwu's death, Yuan Xu ascended the throne as Emperor Xiaoming, and Hu was honoured as Consort Dowager, and soon Empress Dowager. Because Emperor Xiaoming was still young, she became his regent.〔 To exert her power as the highest ruler of Northern Wei, she addressed herself as ''Zhen'' (), a first-person pronoun reserved for use by the emperor after the Qin dynasty. Officials addressed her as ''Bixia'' (), an honorific used when addressing the emperor directly.〔''Book of Wei'', vol. 13, "Biographies of Empresses" (後改令稱詔，羣臣上書曰陛下，自稱曰朕).〕 When Emperor Xiaoming grew up, however, his mother refused to hand authority over to him. She successfully eliminated many of her opponents, including favourites of the emperor.〔''Book of Wei'', vol. 13, "Biographies of Empresses" (太后自以行不修，惧宗室所嫌，于是内为朋党，防蔽耳目，肃宗所亲幸者，太后多以事害焉).〕 The ancient Chinese historians who wrote the official history of the Northern Wei portrayed her as promiscuous.〔''Book of Wei'', vol. 13, "Biographies of Empresses" (时太后得志，逼幸清河王怿，淫乱肆情，为天下所恶).〕 Both her lifestyle and her ruling style elicited widespread dissatisfaction among officials and from her son. Emperor Xiaoming gathered the people to oppose her and executed her lover Yuan Yi (元怿) in 520,〔''Book of Wei'', vol. 22 (正光元年七月，叉與劉騰逼肅宗於顯陽殿，閉靈太后於後宮，囚懌於門下省，誣懌罪狀，遂害之，時年三十四。)〕 causing deep hatred from his mother.〔''Book of Wei'', vol. 13, "Biographies of Empresses" (时太后得志，逼幸清河王怿，淫乱肆情，为天下所恶...于禁中杀怿...胡氏多免黜...母子之间，嫌隙屡起).〕 After several failed attempts to overthrow the empress dowager, Xiaoming secretly ordered General Erzhu Rong to send troops to the capital Luoyang to coerce her into handing over the authority.〔''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 152 (密诏荣举兵内向，欲以胁太后).〕 When she learned about the plot, she discussed strategies with the officials who supported her.〔''Book of Wei'', vol. 13, "Biographies of Empresses" (郑俨虑祸，乃与太后计...).〕 As these events were occurring, on 12 February 528, Consort Pan, one of Emperor Xiaoming's nine concubines, gave birth to a daughter.〔''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 152 (乙丑，魏潘嫔生女，胡太后诈言皇子).〕〔''Book of Wei'', vol. 9, "Basic Annals of Suzong IX" (乙丑...皇女生，祕言皇子).〕 Empress Dowager Hu falsely declared that the child was a son;〔 she issued an edict the following day, ordering a general pardon and changing the emperor's reign title from Xiaochang (孝昌) to Wutai (武泰).〔''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 152 (丙寅，大赦，改元武泰).〕〔''Book of Wei'', vol. 13, "Biographies of Empresses" (母子之间，嫌隙屡起。郑俨虑祸，乃与太后计，因潘充华生女，太后诈以为男，便大赦改年).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Daughter of Emperor Xiaoming of Northern Wei」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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